KDP/DKDP Nonlinear Crystal

KDP/DKDP Nonlinear Crystal

Supplier
Crystrong
Category
Optical Crystals
Origin
China

KDP/DKDP crystals serve large-aperture, high-power lasers for harmonic generation, electro-optic modulation, Q-switches and Pockels cells. KDP (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KH₂PO₄) is an early practical functional crystal with large nonlinear coefficient/high damage threshold. DKDP (potassium dideuterium phosphate, KD₂PO₄) replaces H with D by growth in heavy water, retaining KDP advantages while reducing IR absorption and improving electro-optics. They are distinct isostructural related crystals, with different formulas, half-wave voltages and absorption; DKDP is a specific high-performance material rather than a simple upgrade. The source claims inertial-confinement fusion needs meter-scale optics and DKDP is the only solution-grown crystal combining such size, high uniformity, low absorption and suitable electro-optic coefficient. 晶众光电 states deuteration consistently>98%, important for low absorption/high damage threshold near2200cm⁻¹. Both crystals are water-soluble and polished surfaces readily deliquesce; the supplier recommends clean/dry use below50%RH and desiccated storage or its sealed metal package. For specifications, selection/customization, provide wavelength, size, power and conditions for confirmation.

Specification Snapshot
Perpendicularity
< 5 arcmin
Surface Quality [S/D]
20/10, S/D
Flatness [632.8nm]
< λ/4 @ 632.8nm
Optical Damage Threshold [KDP Crystal; 1064nm; 10ns]
> 2 GW/cm²
Optical Damage Threshold [DKDP Crystal; 1064nm; 10ns]
> 1 GW/cm²
Crystal Structure [KDP Crystal]
Tetragonal Crystal System, 42m
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Overview

KDP/DKDP crystals serve large-aperture, high-power lasers for harmonic generation, electro-optic modulation, Q-switches and Pockels cells. KDP (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KH₂PO₄) is an early practical functional crystal with large nonlinear coefficient/high damage threshold. DKDP (potassium dideuterium phosphate, KD₂PO₄) replaces H with D by growth in heavy water, retaining KDP advantages while reducing IR absorption and improving electro-optics. They are distinct isostructural related crystals, with different formulas, half-wave voltages and absorption; DKDP is a specific high-performance material rather than a simple upgrade. The source claims inertial-confinement fusion needs meter-scale optics and DKDP is the only solution-grown crystal combining such size, high uniformity, low absorption and suitable electro-optic coefficient. 晶众光电 states deuteration consistently>98%, important for low absorption/high damage threshold near2200cm⁻¹. Both crystals are water-soluble and polished surfaces readily deliquesce; the supplier recommends clean/dry use below50%RH and desiccated storage or its sealed metal package. For specifications, selection/customization, provide wavelength, size, power and conditions for confirmation.

Specifications

ParameterValue
Orientation Accuracy< 10 arcmin
Clear Aperture Dimension> 90%
Parallelism< 20 arcsec
Perpendicularity< 5 arcmin
Surface Quality [S/D]20/10, S/D
Flatness [632.8nm]< λ/4 @ 632.8nm
Optical Damage Threshold [KDP Crystal; 1064nm; 10ns]> 2 GW/cm²
Optical Damage Threshold [DKDP Crystal; 1064nm; 10ns]> 1 GW/cm²
Extinction Ratio30dB
Electro-Optic Coefficient r₄₁ [KDP Crystal]8.8 pm/V
Electro-Optic Coefficient r₆₃ [KDP Crystal]10.3 pm/V
Electro-Optic Coefficient r₄₁ [DKDP Crystal]8.8 pm/V
Electro-Optic Coefficient r₆₃ [DKDP Crystal]25 pm/V
Nonlinear Coefficient d₃₆ [KDP Crystal]0.44 pm/V
Nonlinear Coefficient d₃₆ [DKDP Crystal]0.40 pm/V
Chemical Formula [KDP Crystal]KH₂PO₄
Chemical Formula [DKDP Crystal]KD₂PO₄
Crystal Structure [KDP Crystal]Tetragonal Crystal System, 42m
Crystal Structure [DKDP Crystal]Tetragonal Crystal System, 42m
Lattice Parameters [KDP Crystal]a = 7.448 Å, c = 6.977 Å
Lattice Parameters [DKDP Crystal]a = 7.4697 Å, c = 6.966 Å
Optical Symmetry [KDP Crystal]Negative Uniaxial (nₒ>nₑ)
Optical Symmetry [DKDP Crystal]Negative Uniaxial (nₒ>nₑ)
Density [KDP Crystal]2.338 g/cm³
Density [DKDP Crystal]2.355 g/cm³
Mohs Hardness [KDP Crystal]2.5
Mohs Hardness [DKDP Crystal]2.5
Transmission Range [KDP Crystal; 98% Deuterium Content]200-2100nm
Transmission Range [DKDP Crystal]200-1650nm
Refractive Index [KDP Crystal; 1064nm]nₒ = 1.4938; nₑ = 1.4599 @1064nm
Refractive Index [DKDP Crystal; 1064nm]nₒ = 1.4948; nₑ = 1.4554 @1064nm
Longitudinal Half-Wave Voltage Vπ [KDP Crystal; λ=546nm]Vπ=7.65KV
Longitudinal Half-Wave Voltage Vπ [DKDP Crystal; λ=546nm]Vπ=2.98KV
Absorption [KDP Crystal]0.07/cm
Absorption [DKDP Crystal]0.006/cm
Flatness [Processing Specifications; 633nm]≤ λ/8
Surface Quality [Processing Specifications; MIL-PRF-13830B]20-10
Parallelism [Processing Specifications]≤ 20 arcsec
Deuteration Level [DKDP Crystal; FAQ]Greater than 98
Operating Relative Humidity [KDP/DKDP; Clean and Dry Environment]Below 50

Applications

Frequency Doubling/Tripling,Photoelectric Modulation,Q-Switches,Pockels Cells;Nonlinear Conversion of Nd:YAG to532nm/355nm/266nm with KDP/DKDP,Lower-Absorption DKDP Better for High Power;Linear Electro-Optic Pockels Effect for Cells/Modulators/Q-Switches,Prefer DKDP with Approx.1/3 KDP Half-Wave Voltage,Low Capacitance/Rise Time<0.5ns for Pulses<10ns;ICF/Large Facilities:KDP/DKDP Are Described as the Only Nonlinear Crystals Meeting>400mm Apertures,Z-Cut DKDP for Switching,Type I/II for1053→351nm Tripling;High-Power Systems:Ultrashort Pulse Generation,Remote Ranging,Industrial Pulse Control

Key Features

Large-Aperture Crystal Growth;Broad200~2100nm Transmission;High Birefringence/Nonlinearity/Damage Threshold;晶众光电 Aqueous-Grown,Precision-Processed KDP/DKDP for Industry/Research;Large Size for High-Power Apertures;High Purity,Low Wavefront Distortion;Flatness≤λ/8@633nm,Surface20-10 MIL-PRF-13830B,Parallelism≤20arcsec;Good Temperature-Change Resistance,but Deliquescent Surface,Use Sealed/Dry

Datasheet

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Supplier Information

Cr
Crystrong
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Founded in 2012, Jingzhong Optoelectronics is a national high-tech enterprise focusing on the research, development and production of ultrafast solid-state lasers. With over ten years of deep technical accumulation in laser core module manufacturing, the company has built a full-chain independent innovation system from key materials to high-end lasers, providing stable, reliable, and customized 'ultrafast laser AI+' solutions for commercial space, controlled nuclear fusion, high-end medical, industrial micro-machining and other fields. Its products are exported to more than 30 countries and have long served top-tier enterprises and research institutions globally. Through industry-university-research collaboration with Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Shandong University, it has built a high-level R&D and production team with over 45% of employees holding master's or doctoral degrees, owns more than 60 independent intellectual property rights for core components, and has been recognized as a 'Specialized and Sophisticated' enterprise and 'Gazelle' enterprise. It has established innovation platforms such as Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory, and is committed to becoming a global leader in ultrafast lasers in the intelligent era.

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