Achromatic Lens
The source describes ordinary achromatic lenses as groups correcting chromatic aberration at three wavelengths, blue, green, and red. It then describes combining two materials to focus two colors at one point, followed by the source term chromatic image aberration. Chromatic aberration arises from wavelength-dependent dispersion and refractive index in glass, creating different foci. Combining materials such as crown and flint glass in converging and diverging elements allows complementary dispersion to minimize overall chromatic aberration. The simplest doublets are cemented or air-spaced, although more elements can be used. Large-aperture achromats are generally air-spaced and mounted in frames for excellent overall performance. In air-spaced doublets, the gap acts as a third lens and can correct chromatic aberration better than cemented designs, balancing aberrations across a broad band for broadband imaging.
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