LiNbO₃( Lithium niobate )
LiNbO₃ (lithium niobate), abbreviated LN, is an electro-optic crystal with good overall performance. It has good mechanical and physical properties, and its broad transparency range and low cost make it an ideal choice for optical polarization components. It is an excellent material for fiber optic communication components such as isolators, circulators, beam displacers, and other polarization optics. It is widely used in electro-optic regulators and Q-switches for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, and Ti:Sapphire lasers, as well as in fiber modulators and related fields. Compared with other electro-optic crystals, LN offers compact size, resistance to deliquescence, a large electro-optic coefficient, a broad transparency range, high electro-optic efficiency, low absorption loss, and a low damage threshold. It can be used in lasers at 532nm, 1064nm, and 2940nm, for frequency doubling at wavelengths above 1000 nm, and for optical parametric amplification pumped at 1064 nm. In addition to its electro-optic properties, lithium niobate has excellent acousto-optic, piezoelectric, and nonlinear properties and can be widely used in civil and military applications.
Overview
Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Crystal Structure | Trigonal space group R3c |
| Melting point | 1255±5℃ |
| Curie point | 1140±5℃ |
| Mohs hardness | 5 |
| Density | 4.64g/cm³ |
| Absorption coefficient [@1064nm] | ~0.1%/cm@1064nm |
| Solubility | Insoluble in H2O |
| Relative permittivity | eT₁₁/e0:85 |
| Relative permittivity | eT33₃₃/e0:29.5 |
| Thermal conductivity [@25℃] | 38W/m/K @25℃ |
| Transparency range | 420-5200nm |
| Optical homogeneity | ~5 ×10⁻⁵/cm |
| Sellmeier equation | nₒ²(λ)=4.9048+0.11768/(λ²-0.04750)-0.027169λ² |
| Sellmeier equation | nₑ²(λ)=4.5820+0.099169/(λ²-0.04443)-0.021950λ² |
| Electro-optic coefficient | gT₃₃=32pm/V ; gS33=31pm/V |
| Electro-optic coefficient | gT₃₁=10pm/V; gS₃₁=8.6pm/V |
| Electro-optic coefficient | gT₂₂=6.8pm/V; gS₂₂=3.4pm/V |
| Half-Wave Voltage [DC] | 3.03KV |
| Damage Threshold | 200MW/cm² |
| Dimensional tolerance | ±0.1mm |
| Angle Tolerance | ±0.5° |
| Surface Quality | 20/10 S/D |
| Clear Aperture Dimension | >90% Central region |
| Surface Flatness [@633nm] | <λ/8 @633nm |
| Wavefront distortion [@633nm] | <λ/4 @633nm |
| Parallelism | <20 arcsec |
| Perpendicularity | <5 arcmin |
| Antireflection coating | Customized to requirements |
| Transmitted Wavefront Distortion [@633nm] | Better than l/4 @ 633nm |
| Dimensional tolerance | (W±0.1mm) x (H±0.1mm) x (L±0.2mm) |
| Clear Aperture Dimension | Central diameter exceeding 90% |
| Flatness [@633nm] | l/8 @ 633nm |
| Surface Quality | 20 /10 scratch/dig |
| Parallelism | Better than 20 arcsec |
| Perpendicularity | 5 arc min |
| Angle Tolerance | D_q < 0.5^o, D_f < 0.5^o |
| Antireflection coating | Dual-band antireflection coating at 1064/532 nm on both surfaces; R <0.2% per surface at 1064 nm and R <0.5% at 0.532 nm |
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