Cr:GSGG

Cr:GSGG

Supplier
Crylink
Category
Optical Crystals
Origin
China

Gadolinium scandium gallium garnet (GSGG) codoped with chromium is an efficient laser material. Electro-optic shutter elements were first used to provide Q-switched operation of ruby lasers. Passive Q-switched ruby lasers were realized using saturable dye absorbers and colored glass containing compounds of selenium and cadmium sulfide. The operating characteristics of dye Q-switches in pulsed ruby lasers have been studied in recent years. However, dye degradation limits their durability, while glass Q-switches are susceptible to damage. Tetravalent-chromium-doped gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, Gd₃Sc₂Ga₃O₁₂ (Cr⁴⁺:GSGG), therefore first provided passive Q-switched ruby lasers with high reliability, durability, and efficiency. Cr:GSGG is a highly efficient and reliable crystal. Cr⁴⁺:GSGG was first used to provide a saturable-absorber Q-switch for ruby lasers. Conventional single-output-pulse operation (100mj and a duration of 27ns) achieved an efficiency of 25-30% relative to free-running ruby-laser operation. GSGG:Cr³⁺ is currently of interest as a broadband room-temperature laser material. The small separation between the ⁴T₂ and ²E electronic levels of Cr³⁺ can produce interesting spectral behavior. Studies of the temperature dependence of continuous-wave and transient luminescence found agreement with a Cr³⁺ host-site model in which the lowest-energy ²E and ⁴T₂ levels are approximately coincident at low temperature.

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Overview

Gadolinium scandium gallium garnet (GSGG) codoped with chromium is an efficient laser material. Electro-optic shutter elements were first used to provide Q-switched operation of ruby lasers. Passive Q-switched ruby lasers were realized using saturable dye absorbers and colored glass containing compounds of selenium and cadmium sulfide. The operating characteristics of dye Q-switches in pulsed ruby lasers have been studied in recent years. However, dye degradation limits their durability, while glass Q-switches are susceptible to damage. Tetravalent-chromium-doped gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, Gd₃Sc₂Ga₃O₁₂ (Cr⁴⁺:GSGG), therefore first provided passive Q-switched ruby lasers with high reliability, durability, and efficiency. Cr:GSGG is a highly efficient and reliable crystal. Cr⁴⁺:GSGG was first used to provide a saturable-absorber Q-switch for ruby lasers. Conventional single-output-pulse operation (100mj and a duration of 27ns) achieved an efficiency of 25-30% relative to free-running ruby-laser operation. GSGG:Cr³⁺ is currently of interest as a broadband room-temperature laser material. The small separation between the ⁴T₂ and ²E electronic levels of Cr³⁺ can produce interesting spectral behavior. Studies of the temperature dependence of continuous-wave and transient luminescence found agreement with a Cr³⁺ host-site model in which the lowest-energy ²E and ⁴T₂ levels are approximately coincident at low temperature.

Specifications

ParameterValue
Refractive index at 10641.9424 nm
Temperature dependence of refractive index dn / dt (10⁻⁶ k⁻¹)10.9
Elasto-optic constant - P11-0.012 ± 0.003
Elasto-optic constant - P120.019 ± 0.003
Elasto-optic constant - P44-0.0665 ± 0.0013
Density6.495 g*cm⁻³
Heat capacity0.4029 J*g⁻¹*K⁻¹
Thermal conductivity (W*m⁻¹*K⁻¹)6
Thermal expansion7.5 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹
Poisson's ratio0.28
Young's modulus210 GPa
Fracture toughness1.2 MPa
Thermal stress resistance (W*m⁻¹)^b660

Key Features

High reliability, efficiency and durability; strong, saturable absorption; good thermal conductivity

Datasheet

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Supplier Information

Cr
Crylink
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Shanghai Crylink Technology Co., Ltd. was jointly established by Shanghai Yangtze Delta Innovation Institute, Baoshan District state-owned platform, and Dr. Yongjun Dong's team. Located in Baoshan High-tech Industrial Park, the company focuses on R&D and production of laser materials and devices. Main products include laser crystals, nonlinear crystals, bonded crystals, and devices, with full-chain capabilities from crystal growth, optical polishing, laser coating to device packaging. Its subsidiary, Nanjing Guangbao Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., operates the 'Meta-laser' and 'Guangbao Optoelectronics' brands. Products are widely used in laser processing, medical aesthetics, LiDAR, optical communications, defense, scientific research, aerospace, and other fields.

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