Neutral-Atom Quantum Computing System and Submodules

Using the knife-edge method, the system converts light-ray deflection into intensity changes. Lower-density regions, such as hot airflow, deflect rays in a particular direction and form brighter spots at the knife edge; higher-density regions form darker spots. The camera thus records an image representing the density distribution.

Light polarization experiments investigate polarization properties and behavior in different media and optical devices, demonstrating polarization phenomena and their applications in science and technology.

Configuration Parameters-Holographic Optical Tweezers Module: 1) Generates ≥100 optical traps simultaneously for particles of 1-50μm. 2) Spatial phase modulation 0-2π, response band 1000-1100nm, light utilization ≥97% (@1064nm), 1272*1024 pixels, pixel size 12.5μm and effective area 15.9mm*12.8mm; select the SLM response band to match the laser wavelength. 3) Dynamically adjustable trapping force. 4) Supports Fresnel, cylindrical and conical lenses, gratings, Laguerre-Gaussian beams, combinations and custom 3D manipulation. 5) A 1064nm laser, with other wavelengths optional, power ≥3W, beam quality M2 of 1.2, modulation frequency 10khz and a laser cooling module. 6) Force measurement accuracy 0.5pN. Configuration Parameters-Single-Trap Independent Control Module: 1) Includes a single high-power 1W 1064nm laser, with other wavelengths optional. A galvanometer scanner enables high-speed two-dimensional movement of a single optical trap, complementing the SLM in high-speed applications. Supports independent planar path planning and strong single-point trapping. 2) Includes a data acquisition card. Configuration Parameters-Microscope Main Body: 1) Nikon Ti2-U inverted microscope as standard; adapters and optical-path interfaces can also suit an existing laboratory microscope. 2) A 100X oil-immersion objective or 60X water-immersion objective dedicated to optical tweezers.

Holographic optical tweezers use mechanical light-matter interactions for precise three-dimensional microscopic manipulation and force analysis. A suitably distributed beam generates piconewton forces that trap and move viruses, bacteria, organelles, cells, micro/nanoscale transparent or metallic particles and micro/nanomotors without mechanical damage. Light penetration also enables manipulation of internal components without damaging particle surfaces. Noncontact operation, low damage, diverse targets and precise displacement/force measurement have led to use in life sciences, physical chemistry and aerosol science, with potential in micro/nanofabrication and sensing. Optical tweezers are essential for biophysical/biomechanical characterization; inventor ASHKIN received the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics for their biological success. Near-infrared wavelengths, commonly 1064nm, are essentially nondestructive to biological specimens. Forces range from femtonewtons (10⁻¹⁵N) to hundreds of piconewtons (10⁻¹⁰N), matching microscopic biological forces. HoloGraphic Optical Tweezers (HOT) revolutionized optical trapping. Kaijia Photonics' SLM-HOT uses a liquid-crystal phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM; Spatial Light Molator) as a holographic element. Wavefront phase shaping generates trap arrays. Computer-loaded and switched holograms position traps; preset patterns simultaneously trap and manipulate multiple particles in 3D, with independent dynamic control of any array particle. New trap types rotate, transport and sort particles. Phase modulation can be added to one or more traps to generate special focal fields such as Bessel and vortex beams. K-Well commercial operating software sets laser power and camera parameters, generates/manipulates traps and arrays, plans straight/circular/rectangular/custom paths, provides multiple force-measurement methods, real-time mechanical analysis/display and holographic phase projection. K-BeamGenerator, developed for the company's tweezers, generates phase holograms for different SLM configurations. Modules: beam shaping with Laguerre, Airy and Hermite beams; diffractive optics including cosine/blazed gratings, axicons, cylindrical and Fresnel lenses; 3D point arrays with multiple positions and corresponding phase maps; custom grating/beam and grating/lens combinations.

Controls focused-laser 2D scanning under a microscope with programmable scan paths. Galvanometer elements scan incident lasers from visible to near-infrared wavelengths in two dimensions, providing temporal scanning of specified spatial light-field structures. Suitable for single-photon and two-photon absorption experiments.