Cr4+YAG (Chromium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal)
Cr⁴⁺:YAG is an excellent passive-Q-switch crystal for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:YVO4 and other Nd- or Yb-doped lasers operating at 0.8–1.2μm. A passive Q-switch or saturable absorber provides substantial pulses without an electro-optic switch. Good chemical stability, durability, UV resistance, thermal conductivity, high damage threshold (>500MW/cm²) and easy handling make it a strong option for 1um Nd lasers, described as replacing conventional LiF and dyes in passive Q-switching.
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Overview
Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Cr4+:YAG Basic Properties - Crystal Structure | Cubic Crystal System |
| Cr4+:YAG Basic Properties - Doping Concentration | 0.5 mol% ~ 3 mol% |
| Cr4+:YAG Basic Properties - Mohs Hardness | 8.5 |
| Cr4+:YAG Basic Properties - Damage Threshold | > 500 MW/cm ² |
| Cr4+:YAG Basic Properties - Refractive Index [1064 nm] | 1.82 @ 1064 nm |
Key Features
Datasheet
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ND:YAG Crystal (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet)
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Chemical Formula: Y ₃Al ₅O ₁₂ Crystal Structure: Cubic Lattice Parameters: 12.01Å
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ND:YVO4 (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Orthovanadate)
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Atomic Density [Nd1.0%]: 1.26x10²⁰ atoms/cm³ (Nd1.0%) Crystal Structure: Tetragonal, Space Group D₄ₕ-I4/amd, a=b=7.1193A, c=6.2892A Density: 4.22g/cm³
Nd:YVO₄ is an excellent laser crystal for diode-pumped lasers, particularly low/medium power. Compared with Nd:YAG, it has higher pump absorption and a larger stimulated-emission cross section. Uses include machinery, materials processing, spectroscopy, wafer inspection, displays, medical testing, laser printing and data storage. The referenced comparison table covers Nd:YVO₄/Nd:YAG stimulated-emission cross section(σ), absorption coefficient(α), fluorescence lifetime(τ), absorption length(La), threshold power(Pth) and pump quantum efficiency(η).
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YB:YAG (Ytterbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal)
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Material and Specifications - Doping Concentration: Yb: 5~15 at% Materials and Specifications - Wavefront Distortion: ≤0.125λ/Inch Materials and Specifications - Extinction Ratio: ≥28 dB
Yb:YAG is a promising solid-state laser medium particularly suited to diode pumping compared with traditional Nd-doped systems. Its broader absorption bandwidth than Nd:YAG reduces diode-laser temperature-management requirements. Upper-state lifetime is longer, and thermal load per unit pump power is stated as 3–4 times lower. Yb:YAG at 1030nm can replace Nd:YAG at 1064nm, while its 515nm second harmonic can replace 514nm argon-ion lasers.
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Erbium Glass (er:glass)
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Erbium Laser Glass Characteristics - Large Excitation Wavelength lm: 1535.861nm Erbium Laser Glass Characteristics - Fluorescence Half-Width (dl): 29.9nm Erbium Laser Glass Characteristics - Fluorescence Lifetime t: > 8.2ms
Erbium-doped phosphate laser glass(er:glass) is described as emitting eye-safe1.54mm laser light,with stimulated-emission cross section written8´10-21cm⁻² and fluorescence lifetime>8.2ms. Uses include field ranging,target designation,medical devices,LiDAR,vehicle collision prevention,helicopter cable avoidance,atmospheric observation and communications. Rod sizes are written f1–20(d)×10–120(l)mm,with sheets also available. A typical xe-lamp-pumped f3×30 version has threshold<6j and slope efficiency>1.8%for ranging. LD-pumped versions use different Er/Yb concentrations for waveguide/fiber amplifiers and communications.
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