Germanium

Germanium

Supplier
Zeit-group
Category
Optical Material
Origin
China

Single-crystal germanium (Ge) is a chemically inert, widely used infrared optical material with high hardness, good thermal conductivity and insolubility in water.

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Overview

Single-crystal germanium (Ge) is a chemically inert, widely used infrared optical material with high hardness, good thermal conductivity and insolubility in water. It is widely used in infrared imaging and spectroscopy systems. Its mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and low absorption at 10.6um make it ideal for CO2-laser lenses, windows and output couplers. Ge is also used as a substrate for infrared filters.

Specifications

ParameterValue
MaterialGe
Surface Figure AccuracyPolished Surface
Parallelism≤30 arcsec
Surface Quality20-10
Dimensional Tolerance±0.1mm
Molecular FormulaGe
Transmission Range2-12μm
Dielectric Constant [9.37GHZ;300K]16.6@9.37GHZ(300K)
Thermal conductivity [293k]58.61@293k
Melting Point936°C
Density5.33 g/cm³
Specific Heat1562 J/(kg·K)
Thermal Expansion [0°---100°C]37·10-6 /°C @0°---100°C
Refractive Index [2.5 μm]1.37327 @2.5 μm
Refractive Index [0.121 μm]1.624 @0.121 μm
Knoop780
Young's Modulus102.7 GPa
Shear Modulus67 GPa
Bulk Modulus77.2 GPa
Poisson's Ratio0.28
Elastic ConstantsC11=129; C12=48.3; C44=67.1 GPa

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Supplier Information

Ze
Zeit-group
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Chengdu Zhongke Zhuoer Intelligent Technology Group Co., Ltd. is a leading enterprise in the field of optics and semiconductors, recognized as a National High-Tech Enterprise, a Sichuan Province “Specialized, Refined, Distinctive, and Innovative” “Little Giant” Enterprise, a Chengdu New Economy “Double Hundred” Enterprise, and a Chengdu High-Tech Zone “Four Categories of High-Level Talent” Enterprise. Leveraging its exceptional technical capabilities—including independent R&D, patented technologies, and technological innovation—the company has achieved breakthroughs in ultra-precision polishing, precision inspection, and coating processes in the chip and display sectors. Its key products include high-end quartz blank masks, precision optical components and active devices, precision inspection equipment, and high-performance coating technology services, establishing the company as a core technology-driven enterprise with a competitive supply chain advantage in replacing imported products with domestically produced alternatives. To date, the company has been granted over 80 patents and collaborates with five affiliated institutions and scientific research units. It has established a precision optical processing production base and a precision optical system assembly and calibration center. The company has forged deep industry-academia-research partnerships with global research institutes, renowned universities, and industry associations in the optoelectronics field. Grounded in high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, it is committed to conquering key core technologies, continuously accumulating technical expertise, and tackling key process challenges, striving to become a leading enterprise in the development and industrialization of high-tech optoelectronic products. Through continuous efforts, Zhongke Zhuoer has achieved one qualitative leap after another. In the future, the company will deepen collaborative partnerships along the industry value chain to enhance its core capabilities, embrace innovation, and contribute to the development of critical upstream materials and integrated process technologies for China’s optoelectronics industry.

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